The apostle traditionally attributed with authorship of the largest number of texts within the New Testament is Paul. While thirteen epistles bear his name, scholarship generally agrees on seven as authentically Pauline (Romans, 1 Corinthians, 2 Corinthians, Galatians, Philippians, 1 Thessalonians, and Philemon). The authorship of the other six is debated, with some scholars suggesting they were written by later followers in Paul’s name. Beyond the epistles, the Book of Hebrews was once attributed to Paul but that attribution is now largely rejected by scholars.
Understanding the authorship of New Testament texts is crucial for interpreting their messages accurately. Recognizing the historical and social contexts in which these texts were produced allows readers to grasp the authors’ intentions and the original audience’s understanding. Authorship also plays a significant role in theological discussions regarding the development of early Christian doctrine and practice. The question of which texts are authentically Pauline, for example, directly impacts interpretations of Pauline theology and its influence on Christianity.
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